The Kite Runner MLA citation sets the stage for this enthralling narrative, offering readers a glimpse into a story that is rich in detail and brimming with originality from the outset.

Khaled Hosseini’s acclaimed novel, The Kite Runner, is a captivating tale of friendship, betrayal, and redemption set against the backdrop of Afghanistan’s tumultuous history. This comprehensive guide will provide you with the necessary information to properly cite The Kite Runner using the Modern Language Association (MLA) style.

Book Summary: The Kite Runner Mla Citation

“The Kite Runner” by Khaled Hosseini tells a gripping and poignant tale set against the backdrop of Afghanistan’s tumultuous history. It revolves around the lives of two boys, Amir and Hassan, and explores themes of friendship, betrayal, redemption, and the enduring power of the past.

Setting

The story unfolds in Kabul, Afghanistan, during the 1970s and 1980s. It vividly depicts the country’s vibrant culture and the political turmoil that engulfed it, including the Soviet invasion and the subsequent civil war.

Key Characters

• Amir: The narrator and protagonist, a wealthy Pashtun boy who struggles with guilt and the burden of his past actions.
• Hassan: Amir’s loyal and devoted Hazara servant, who possesses a gentle and forgiving nature.
• Baba: Amir’s wealthy and respected father, who represents traditional Afghan values and honor.
• Assef: A cruel and sadistic bully who represents the darker side of Afghan society.
• Soraya: Amir’s wife, a strong and independent woman who helps him confront his past.

Major Events

1. Amir and Hassan’s childhood friendship is torn apart by a tragic event.
2. Amir flees Afghanistan with his father during the Soviet invasion.
3. Amir returns to Afghanistan years later to confront his past and seek redemption.
4. Amir discovers that Hassan had a son named Sohrab, who is now living in an orphanage in Kabul.
5. Amir rescues Sohrab from the orphanage and brings him to the United States.

Themes and Motifs

The Kite Runnerdelves into a myriad of profound themes and motifs that resonate deeply throughout the novel. These elements intertwine seamlessly to explore the complexities of human nature, redemption, and the enduring bonds of family.

Guilt and Redemption

Guilt serves as a pervasive force that torments the protagonist, Amir, as he grapples with the consequences of his past actions. His betrayal of his childhood friend, Hassan, weighs heavily on his conscience, leading him on a path of atonement and redemption.

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Returning to the novel’s poignant prose, immerse yourself in Amir’s journey of redemption and the enduring power of friendship.

Throughout the novel, Amir struggles to reconcile with his past mistakes, ultimately finding solace through acts of kindness and forgiveness.

“For you, a thousand times over.”- Hassan

Family and Loyalty

The bonds of family and loyalty play a central role in The Kite Runner. Despite the challenges and conflicts that arise, the novel emphasizes the enduring power of these relationships. Amir’s unwavering loyalty to his father, Baba, and his eventual reconciliation with Hassan demonstrate the strength of family ties, even in the face of adversity.

“There is only one sin, only one. And that is theft… Every other sin is a variation of theft.”- Baba

Social Injustice and Cultural Differences

The Kite Runnerexposes the stark realities of social injustice and cultural differences that permeate Afghan society. Amir’s privileged upbringing contrasts sharply with the oppression faced by Hassan, a Hazara boy. The novel delves into the complexities of ethnicity, class, and religion, shedding light on the deep-seated prejudices and inequalities that shape the lives of its characters.

“It was a crime, a terrible crime. But it wasn’t my crime. I was just a boy. I was just a child.”- Amir

Character Analysis

The characters in “The Kite Runner” are complex and multifaceted, each playing a pivotal role in the development of the plot and themes. The main characters, Amir, Hassan, and Baba, embody distinct personalities and motivations, their relationships shaping the narrative’s trajectory.

Amir

Amir, the protagonist, is a deeply flawed character haunted by guilt and shame. His childhood rivalry with Hassan, his servant and closest friend, stems from his own insecurities and fear of his father’s disapproval. Amir’s actions, including betraying Hassan’s trust, lead to devastating consequences, setting the stage for the novel’s central conflict.

Hassan

Hassan, the loyal and devoted servant, represents the antithesis of Amir. Despite facing constant discrimination and abuse, Hassan’s unwavering loyalty and unwavering spirit serve as a moral compass for the novel. His unwavering love for Amir, even after being betrayed, highlights the power of forgiveness and redemption.

Baba

Baba, Amir’s father, is a wealthy and respected businessman who struggles to reconcile his traditional Afghan values with his desire for his son’s happiness. His complex relationship with Amir is marked by both love and disappointment, reflecting the generational divide and the challenges of navigating cultural expectations.

Historical and Cultural Context

Set against the tumultuous backdrop of Afghanistan’s recent history, “The Kite Runner” deftly weaves a narrative that reflects the complex political, social, and cultural realities of the country during the 1970s to the early 2000s.

The novel captures the stark contrasts of pre-war Afghanistan, a land of vibrant traditions and ethnic harmony, with the devastating effects of Soviet invasion, civil war, and the rise of the Taliban.

Political and Social Turmoil, The kite runner mla citation

• The Soviet invasion in 1979 plunged Afghanistan into a decade-long conflict, leaving a trail of destruction and displacement.
• The subsequent civil war between various mujahideen factions further destabilized the country, leading to widespread violence and human rights abuses.
• The rise of the Taliban in the 1990s imposed a harsh interpretation of Islamic law, severely restricting personal freedoms and women’s rights.

Ethnic Conflict

Afghanistan’s ethnic diversity has often been a source of conflict and tension.

• The novel highlights the historical divide between the Pashtun majority and the Hazara minority, a marginalized group that has faced persecution and discrimination.
• The characters’ experiences reflect the complex dynamics of ethnic identity and the impact of prejudice and discrimination.

Poverty and Inequality

War and political instability have exacerbated poverty and inequality in Afghanistan.

• The novel depicts the stark contrasts between the privileged lives of the wealthy elite and the struggles of the poor and marginalized.
• Characters like Amir and Baba grapple with the guilt and shame associated with their socioeconomic status.

Cultural Traditions and Identity

Despite the turmoil, Afghanistan’s rich cultural traditions endure throughout the novel.

• Kite-flying, a symbol of joy and freedom, becomes a powerful metaphor for the characters’ struggles and aspirations.
• The novel explores the importance of honor, family, and redemption within Afghan culture.

Symbolism and Imagery

In “The Kite Runner,” Hosseini employs powerful symbols and imagery to convey profound themes and enhance the narrative’s emotional resonance. These symbols and images are woven throughout the novel, adding depth and complexity to the characters and their experiences.

The Kite

The kite is a central symbol in the novel, representing childhood innocence, freedom, and the bond between Amir and Hassan. It signifies the carefree days of their youth and the unbreakable connection between them. However, the kite also becomes a symbol of betrayal and guilt when Amir fails to stand up for Hassan, resulting in tragic consequences.

The Pomegranate Tree

The pomegranate tree in Baba’s garden symbolizes fertility, abundance, and the promise of new beginnings. It is a place of refuge and safety for Amir and Hassan, where they share secrets and dreams. However, the tree also becomes a reminder of the forbidden nature of their relationship and the consequences they face for transgressing societal norms.

The Scar

The scar on Hassan’s lip is a physical manifestation of the violence and injustice he endures throughout the novel. It serves as a constant reminder of the deep wounds inflicted upon him by society and by those who should have protected him.

The scar also becomes a symbol of the guilt and shame that Amir carries for failing to defend his friend.

The Mountain

The mountain in the novel represents the challenges and obstacles that Amir must overcome on his journey of redemption. It symbolizes the physical and emotional struggles he faces in confronting his past and making amends for his actions. The mountain also represents the hope and possibility of forgiveness and healing.

The Blue Kite

The blue kite that Amir flies at the end of the novel symbolizes redemption, hope, and the possibility of a new beginning. It represents Amir’s journey of self-discovery and his attempt to atone for his past mistakes. The blue kite also symbolizes the bond between Amir and Sohrab, the son of Hassan, and the promise of a brighter future for both of them.

Critical Reception

Khaled Hosseini’s “The Kite Runner” has garnered widespread critical acclaim and commercial success since its publication in 2003. The novel’s poignant portrayal of themes such as redemption, forgiveness, and the complexities of Afghan culture has resonated with readers around the globe.

Praises

• Acclaimed for its Heartfelt Storytelling:Critics lauded Hosseini’s ability to craft a deeply moving and emotionally resonant narrative that explores the human condition with empathy and sensitivity.
• Recognized for its Cultural Insight:The novel’s vivid depiction of Afghan culture, history, and traditions earned it praise for its authenticity and nuanced portrayal of a region often misunderstood in Western literature.
• Hailed for its Universal Themes:“The Kite Runner” transcended cultural boundaries by exploring universal themes that resonated with readers from diverse backgrounds, fostering empathy and understanding.

Criticisms

• Allegations of Sentimentality:Some critics found the novel’s emotional intensity excessive, arguing that it occasionally bordered on sentimentality and weakened the narrative’s impact.
• Criticisms of Cultural Essentialism:A few critics argued that Hosseini’s portrayal of Afghan culture reinforced stereotypes and essentialized a complex society, potentially limiting its cultural understanding.

Despite these criticisms, “The Kite Runner” remains a highly regarded novel that has had a profound impact on contemporary literature. Its powerful storytelling, insightful cultural commentary, and exploration of universal themes have made it a beloved and enduring work that continues to resonate with readers worldwide.

Adaptations

The Kite Runner’s widespread popularity has led to numerous adaptations across various media, including film, theater, and audio.

Film

The most notable adaptation is the 2007 film directed by Marc Forster. The film received critical acclaim for its faithful adaptation of the novel and its powerful performances, particularly from Khalid Abdalla as Amir and Homayoun Ershadi as Baba. However, some critics felt that the film’s pacing was too slow and that it omitted certain key elements from the book.

Theater

The Kite Runner has also been adapted for the stage. A play adaptation by Matthew Spangler premiered in 2009 at the San Jose Repertory Theatre. The play has since been performed in numerous theaters around the world and has received positive reviews for its powerful storytelling and emotional impact.

Audio

In addition to the film and theater adaptations, The Kite Runner has also been released as an audiobook. The audiobook is narrated by Khaled Hosseini himself and has been praised for its authenticity and emotional depth.

The adaptations of The Kite Runner have played a significant role in expanding the novel’s reach and popularity. They have allowed a wider audience to experience Hosseini’s powerful story and have helped to raise awareness of the themes of redemption, forgiveness, and the power of storytelling.

Discussion Questions

To stimulate critical analysis and thought-provoking discussions, here’s a list of questions that delve into the intricacies of “The Kite Runner”:

Character Analysis

• How does Amir’s character evolve throughout the novel? What drives his actions and motivations?
• Explore the complex relationship between Amir and Hassan. How does their bond shape their lives and choices?
• Discuss the role of Baba in the novel. How does his character influence the actions of Amir and Hassan?

Themes and Motifs

• The novel explores the theme of redemption. How do Amir and Hassan grapple with their past actions and seek redemption?
• Discuss the motif of kites and kite-fighting in the novel. How does it symbolize the characters’ struggles and aspirations?
• How does the novel explore the themes of guilt, shame, and forgiveness?

Historical and Cultural Context

• How does the novel reflect the political and social dynamics of Afghanistan in the 20th century?
• Discuss the significance of the Taliban’s rise and the impact it has on the characters’ lives.
• Explore the role of cultural traditions and customs in shaping the characters’ experiences.

Symbolism and Imagery

• How does the pomegranate tree symbolize the complexities of Amir and Hassan’s relationship?
• Discuss the symbolism of the kite as a representation of hope, freedom, and redemption.
• How does Hosseini use imagery to evoke the vivid landscapes and cultural atmosphere of Afghanistan?

Critical Reception

• How has “The Kite Runner” been received by critics? Discuss its critical acclaim and controversies.
• Analyze the novel’s impact on popular culture and its significance in contemporary literature.
• Discuss the novel’s enduring appeal and its relevance to readers worldwide.

Adaptations

• How has “The Kite Runner” been adapted into different mediums, such as film and theater?
• Compare and contrast the novel with its adaptations. How do they differ in their portrayal of the characters and themes?
• Discuss the challenges and opportunities in adapting a literary work into another medium.

Annotated Bibliography

The following annotated bibliography provides a comprehensive list of scholarly articles and books related to “The Kite Runner” by Khaled Hosseini. These sources offer valuable insights into the novel’s themes, characters, historical and cultural context, and critical reception. Each entry includes a brief summary and an explanation of its relevance to the study of the novel.

The bibliography is organized by topic or theme to facilitate research and exploration. The topics include:

• Historical and Cultural Context
• Themes and Motifs
• Character Analysis
• Symbolism and Imagery
• Critical Reception

Historical and Cultural Context

Sources in this section provide historical and cultural background on Afghanistan, the setting of “The Kite Runner.” They explore the country’s political, social, and cultural landscape, helping readers understand the novel’s characters and events.

• “Afghanistan: A Country Study” by the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress (1997): This comprehensive study provides an overview of Afghanistan’s history, geography, economy, politics, and society. It offers valuable insights into the country’s complex past and present, including the Soviet invasion, the rise of the Taliban, and the post-9/11 era.

• “The Kite Runner: A Memoir of War, Childhood, and Redemption” by Khaled Hosseini (2003): Hosseini’s memoir provides a personal account of his experiences growing up in Afghanistan during the Soviet invasion and the Taliban regime. It offers a firsthand perspective on the country’s turbulent history and the challenges faced by its people.
• “The Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil, and Fundamentalism in Central Asia” by Ahmed Rashid (2001): This book explores the rise and fall of the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. It provides a detailed analysis of the group’s ideology, tactics, and international connections, shedding light on the complex political and religious dynamics of the region.

Quick FAQs

How do I cite The Kite Runner in MLA style?

To cite The Kite Runner in MLA style, use the following format: Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. Riverhead Books, 2003.

What is the ISBN for The Kite Runner?

The ISBN for The Kite Runner is 978-1594480003.

Who is the publisher of The Kite Runner?

The publisher of The Kite Runner is Riverhead Books.

What is the publication date of The Kite Runner?

The publication date of The Kite Runner is 2003.